Parametric examination of the antennary structure with electric and magnetic dipole moments.

An antenna is a transducer designed to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. In function, the antenna is essentially a transducer that converts alternating currents into electromagnetic fields or vice versa. The physical components that make up an antenna’s structure are called elements. They are used with waves in the radio part of the electromagnetic spectrum, that is, radio waves, and are a necessary part of all radio equipment. Antennas are used in systems such as radio and television broadcasting, point-to-point radio communication, wireless LAN, cell phones, radar, and spacecraft communication. Antennas are most commonly employed in air or outer space, but can also be operated under water or even through soil and rock at certain frequencies for short distances. Before the digital computer was developed, the analysis and design of electromagnetic devices and structures were largely experimental. Once the computer and nu¬merical languages such as FORTRAN came along, people immediately began using them to tackle electromagnetic problems that could not be solved analytically. This led to a flurry of development in a field now referred to as computational electromagnetics (CEM). Many powerful numerical analysis techniques have been developed in this area in the last 50 years. As the power of the computer continues to grow, so do the nature of the algorithms applied as well as the complexity and size of the problems that can be solved. Since that time computer technology has grown at a staggering pace, and computational electromagnetics and the moment method have followed closely behind. While the data gleaned from experimental measurements are invaluable, the entire process can be costly in terms of money and the manpower required to do the required machine work, assembly, and measurements at the range. One of the fundamental drives behind reliable computational electromagnetics algorithms is the ability to simulate the behavior of devices and systems before they are actually built. This allows the engineer to engage in levels of customization and optimization that would be painstaking or even impossible if done experimentally. CEM also helps to provide fundamental insights into electromagnetic problems through the power of computation and computer visualization, making it one of the most important areas of engineering today. In our project we have “CO” shape wire antenna. Current antenna emits narrow band. The goal of the project is to modify the antenna so that it could emit in a wide band. It should also have directional pattern and radiate at specific frequencies.